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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Epigenetics: Concepts and relevance to IBD pathogenesis.

Melania Scarpa1, Eleni Stylianou

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|March 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetics explains how environmental factors alter gene expression and cell function in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). This field offers potential new therapeutic targets for IBD by studying gene regulation and epigenetic modifications.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves complex pathological gene expression.
  • Environmental factors are known to influence IBD development and progression.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms linking environment to IBD pathology require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the field of epigenetics and its relevance to IBD.
  • To explore how epigenetic mechanisms mediate environmental influences on gene expression in IBD.
  • To discuss the potential of epigenetics in identifying novel therapeutic strategies for IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on epigenetics, focusing on chromatin modifications, enzymes, and non-coding RNAs.
  • Application of epigenetic findings from other diseases (e.g., cancer) to the context of IBD.
  • Summary of current epigenetics-based therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications (e.g., DNA methylation, histone modifications) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression.
  • Environmental exposures can induce epigenetic changes that contribute to pathological gene expression in IBD.
  • Epigenetic research has identified key enzymes and non-coding RNAs involved in transcriptional control relevant to disease.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetics provides a framework for understanding how environmental factors impact cell phenotype and function in IBD.
  • Epigenetic insights offer promising avenues for developing targeted therapies for IBD.
  • Further research into epigenetics-specific therapies could lead to improved treatment outcomes for IBD patients.