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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...

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Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement
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Anaesthesia and epilepsy.

A Perks1, S Cheema, R Mohanraj

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, Salford Royal Hospital, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK. anna.perks@srft.nhs.uk

British Journal of Anaesthesia
|March 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers epilepsy management for surgical patients and intensive care unit (ICU) cases. It details antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), anesthetic interactions, and acute seizure management in critical care settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting 0.5-1% of the population.
  • Traditional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) remain important, with newer agents now widely used.
  • Anesthetists frequently manage patients with epilepsy during surgery and in the ICU.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review perioperative epilepsy management strategies.
  • To examine the mechanisms of action and interactions of AEDs with anesthetic agents.
  • To discuss the acute management of seizures and status epilepticus in the ICU.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search on PubMed using keywords: epilepsy, status epilepticus, and anesthetic agents.
  • Review of existing studies on perioperative epilepsy care and ICU management.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of AEDs, their interactions with anesthetics, and potential adverse effects.
  • Overview of current approaches to managing seizures and refractory status epilepticus in critically ill patients.

Conclusions:

  • Effective perioperative and ICU management of epilepsy requires understanding AEDs and their interactions with anesthetic agents.
  • This review provides guidance for anesthetists managing epilepsy patients in surgical and critical care settings.