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A real-time tool positioning sensor for machine-tools.

Antonio Ramon Jimenez Ruiz1, Jorge Guevara Rosas, Fernando Seco Granja

  • 1Instituto de Automática Industrial, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. Campo Real km 0.2, 28500 Arganda del Rey (Madrid), Spain; E-Mails: jguevara@iai.csic.es (J.G.R.); fseco@iai.csic.es (F.S.G.); cprieto@iai.csic.es (J.C.P.H.).

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an optical measurement system to track machine tool vibrations and deformations. The system achieves micrometric resolution, enabling real-time compensation for improved part quality.

Keywords:
interferometrylaser-trackingmachine-tooloscillation and deformation measurementtool localization

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Area of Science:

  • Manufacturing Engineering
  • Metrology
  • Control Systems

Background:

  • Machining processes are affected by natural oscillations and deformations (elastic, gravitational, thermal), compromising part quality.
  • Accurate measurement of these dynamic effects near the cutting tool is crucial for process control.
  • Existing methods may lack the required resolution or bandwidth for real-time compensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel optical measurement system for 3D tracking of a retro-reflector near a machine tool's drill.
  • To integrate this laser tracking system into the machine tool's position control loop for the first time.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in estimating oscillations and deformations with high accuracy and bandwidth.

Main Methods:

  • Development and detailed description of a 3D optical measurement system using a reference retro-reflector.
  • Static and dynamic testing on two different machine tools, including impacts, rotations, linear, and circular trajectories.
  • Integration of a laser tracking system into the machine tool's position control loop.

Main Results:

  • The optical system achieved micrometric resolution in tracking oscillations and deformations.
  • The system demonstrated a wide bandwidth, from 0 to over 100 Hz.
  • Successful integration into the machine tool's control loop was achieved for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical measurement system can accurately estimate machine tool oscillations and deformations.
  • The high resolution and bandwidth enable potential on-line compensation strategies.
  • This technology offers a pathway to enhance the quality and precision of machined parts.