Guillain-Barre syndrome with hyperreflexia: A variant.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroscience
• Immunology

Background:

• Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a leading cause of acute peripheral neuropathy, typically presenting with areflexia or hyporeflexia.
• Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), a subtype of GBS, is characterized by motor nerve damage.

Observation:

• A 10-year-old boy exhibited asymmetrical limb weakness and voice changes.
• Clinical progression involved cranial nerve deficits but notably preserved deep tendon reflexes with extensor plantar responses.

Findings:

• The patient's presentation mimicked other neurological conditions but ultimately aligned with GBS despite atypical reflex findings.
• Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone led to significant recovery, including ambulation with support.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering GBS in the differential diagnosis of acute quadriparesis, even in the presence of preserved deep tendon reflexes.
• The findings suggest that hyperreflexia, though rare, can occur in GBS, expanding the spectrum of its clinical manifestations.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in GBS patients.