Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Green Chemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Nanoparticle synthesis is a key goal in nanotechnology, with a focus on efficient and eco-friendly methods.
• Biological systems can synthesize inorganic materials, offering a sustainable route for nanoparticle production.
• Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are of significant interest due to their diverse applications in nanomedicine, catalysis, electronics, and optics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from various biological sources.
• To explore the probable mechanisms involved in the bio-reduction and stabilization of AuNPs.
• To assess the control over nanoparticle properties achievable through biosynthetic protocols.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on biosynthesis of AuNPs using microorganisms, plants, and other biological entities.
• Analysis of proposed mechanisms involving enzymes and proteins in AuNP formation.
• Evaluation of the scalability and stability of biosynthesized AuNPs compared to chemical methods.

Main Results:

• Biosynthesis using microorganisms and plants yields gold nanoparticles with varying morphologies and sizes.
• Enzymes and proteins secreted by biological sources are likely involved in bio-reduction and stabilization.
• Biosynthetic protocols offer potential for large-scale, stable, and monodisperse AuNP production.

Conclusions:

• Biological synthesis presents a viable, eco-friendly alternative to chemical methods for AuNP production.
• Further research into biosynthetic mechanisms can lead to enhanced control over AuNP properties.
• Biosynthesis holds promise for sustainable and large-scale manufacturing of gold nanoparticles for various applications.