Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Schemata

Schemata

A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:

Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development

Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development

During Piaget's concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 11, children exhibit a marked increase in logical thinking skills, specifically in relation to tangible, real-world events. This stage is characterized by the development of several essential cognitive concepts, including conservation, reversibility, and classification, all of which support the child's evolving capacity for structured thought.
Conservation and Constancy of Quantity
A significant cognitive milestone in the concrete...

Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development

Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development

The formal operational stage, as described in Piaget's cognitive development theory, begins around age 11 and extends into adulthood. It marks the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that differentiate adolescent and adult thinking from those of younger children. This stage is characterized by abstract reasoning, hypothetical-deductive reasoning, and a more complex understanding of self and others.
Abstract Reasoning and Hypothetical-Deductive Thinking
Unlike the concrete operational...

Piaget's Stage 2 of Cognitive Development

Piaget's Stage 2 of Cognitive Development

The preoperational stage, the second of Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, spans approximately ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by the emergence of symbolic thinking. During this stage, children use language, images, and symbols to represent objects and concepts, enabling them to engage in imaginative and pretend play. This symbolic thinking supports children's ability to perform make-believe actions, such as imagining a broom as a horse or their hand as a phone, blending...

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
Schemata...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Language interventions for autistic people: An online survey of community member views and priorities.

JCPP advances·2026

Same author

Assessing the feasibility of a co-produced peer-group intervention for supporting wellbeing during the transition to adulthood among autistic 16-25-year-olds (ATAG): a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

EClinicalMedicine·2026

Same author

Autism in Viet Nam: A systematic scoping review.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice·2026

Same author

Eliciting the views of autistic adolescents attending specialist schools on what friendships mean to them.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice·2026

Same author

The Codesign and Initial Evaluation of a Peer Support Program for Autistic Young Adults.

Autism in adulthood·2025

Same author

"There's Only So Much the School Can Change About Itself … Before You Need to Change Something About Yourself"-a Qualitative Analysis of the Experiences of Neurodivergent Student Teachers.

Autism in adulthood : challenges and management·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

The structure of savant calendrical knowledge.

Lisa Heavey¹, Beate Hermelin, Laura Crane

¹Department of Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK. l.reidy@shu.ac.uk

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

|March 14, 2012

Summary

Savant calendar calculators recall structured calendar information better than non-structured data. This suggests structural knowledge is key to their impressive date calculation abilities.

More Related Videos

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Published on: August 28, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Published on: August 28, 2021

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

Savant syndrome is characterized by extraordinary abilities in individuals with developmental disorders.
Calendar calculation is a notable savant skill, but the underlying knowledge organization is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the organization of the calendar knowledge base in savant calendar calculators.
To assess the role of structural versus non-structural calendar features in recall.

Main Methods:

Four experiments were conducted with eight savant calendar calculators (seven male, one female; median age 34 years).
Participants recalled lists of dates, focusing on structural (e.g., leap years) and non-structural (e.g., Easter Sunday) calendar features.
Inclusion criterion was genuine calculation ability, with five participants diagnosed on the autism spectrum.

Main Results:

Recall was significantly better for dates associated with structural calendar features.
Recall was not facilitated for non-structural calendar features, such as Easter Sunday.
Performance indicated a reliance on organized, structural calendar knowledge.

Conclusions:

A distinction exists between structural and event-related knowledge in savant calendar skills.
Structural calendar knowledge appears crucial for the development and execution of date calculation abilities in savants.