[Sports injuries and arthroscopy--from science to clinical treatment]

Since the first knee arthroscopy in 1912, it is routine to scope all joints and many extra-articular structures. The effect of arthroscopic procedures in overuse conditions is sparsely documented and should be investigated in randomized studies, but score systems to evaluate clinical effects are lacking. An increased understanding of tissue reaction to loading and ligament healing as well as neuromuscular control is likely to change the basic principles of treatment and prevention in relation to sports injuries.