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Updated: May 24, 2026
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
Long-term radiographic outcome of nodular bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease
S Kitada1, T Uenami, K Yoshimura
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organisation National Toneyama Hospital, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka, Japan. kitadase@toneyama.go.jp
Background:
Although Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) is a growing health problem, little is known about long-term radiographic outcome and factors for deterioration in patients with MAC-PD.
Methods:
Data on patients with nodular bronchiectatic (NBE) MAC-PD who underwent regular follow-up for >5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Changes in plain chest radiograph (CXR) and baseline characteristics were compared between the stable and deteriorated groups.
Results:
Seventy-two patients were investigated, including 30 patients who were examined 10 years after the initial visit. One patient (1.4%) showed progressive or remarkably progressive disease on CXR at 1 year; this rate increased to 22.2% at 5 years and to 53.3% at 10 years. Body mass index (BMI) at the initial visit was lower in the deteriorated group than in the stable group. Cavitary disease and resistance to a macrolide were seen more frequently at the initial visit in the deteriorated group than in the stable group.
Conclusions:
NBE MAC-PD is a slowly but substantially progressive long-term infection (5-10 years). Our data suggest that patients with lower BMI, cavitary disease and resistance to a macrolide at initial visit are more likely to progress to deteriorating disease.
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