High-frequency neuronal network modulations encoded in scalp EEG precede the onset of focal seizures

Modulations of neuronal network interactions by seizure precursors are only partially understood and difficult to measure, in part due to inherent intra- and inter-patient seizure heterogeneities and EEG variability. This study investigated preictal neuromodulations associated with seizures originating in the temporal and/or frontal lobes, using information theoretic parameters estimated from awake scalp EEGs in two frequency ranges, ≤100 Hz and >100 Hz, respectively. Seizure-related activity at high frequencies has not been extensively estimated in awake scalp EEGs. Based on the statistical similarity of preictal and ictal information parameters, preictal network interactions appeared to be specifically modulated at frequencies >100 Hz, but not at lower frequencies. The dynamics of these parameters varied distinctly according to the origin of seizure onset (temporal versus frontal). Although preliminary, and based on a small patient sample for which the potential heterogeneity of multiple anticonvulsive medications was difficult to control, these results suggest that preictal modulations may be estimated from high-frequency scalp EEGs using directional information measures with high specificity to ictal events, and may thus be promising for improving seizure prediction.