Durability of composite repair using different surface treatments
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Updated: May 24, 2026
A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
Published on: December 11, 2014
Thays Regina Ferreira da Costa1, Alexandra Mena Serrano, Allbens Picardi Faria Atman
1School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, School of Dentistry, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa, Paraná CEP 84030-900, Brazil.
Objective:
To evaluate the surface treatment and hydrophilicity of the bonding agent on the composite repair strength (RS), silver nitrate uptake (SNU), surface roughness (SR) and estimation of surface area (SA).
Methods:
Fifty resin blocks (Opallis, FGM) were polished and divided in 5 groups: no treatment (NT); roughening with a fine (FDB); medium (MDB); coarse-grit (CDB) and 50-μm aluminium oxide sandblasting (AO). A hydrophobic (Adhesive, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 3M ESPE) or hydrophilic (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE) adhesive was applied, followed by composite placement (Opallis, FGM). Composite-composite bonded sticks (0.9 mm2) were tested in tension (1.0mm/min) immediately [IM] or after 6 months [6M] of water storage. Two sticks from each tooth, at each time, were immersed in a 50% silver nitrate solution and evaluated by SEM. A profilometer was used to measure SR. SEM images were used to estimate the SA using the Image J software. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests.
Results:
The AO showed the highest CR strength for both adhesives, whilst the NT group showed the lowest, irrespective of the storage period. The diamond burs had intermediate performance. Silver nitrate deposits were seen after 6M for the hydrophilic adhesive. The ranking of SR values (Ra) from the lowest to the highest was: NT
Conclusions:
The AO treatment provides the highest CR strength likely due to the high SA produced. The bonding agent did not seem to affect the CR strength after 6M, although early signs of degradation were detected for the hydrophilic system.
Clinical Significance:
Polished composite should be preferred roughened with aluminium oxide followed by the application of a hydrophobic intermediate agent before composite repair.
