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Related Experiment Video

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Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

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Venomous mammals: a review.

Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun¹, Hugo Verli, Célia Regina Carlini

¹Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics-IB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. rodrigobraun@cbiot.ufrgs.br

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology

|March 14, 2012

Summary

Mammalian venom, once overlooked, is now recognized as diverse and significant. This review explores recent discoveries, biochemical traits, and evolutionary origins of venom in mammals like Insectivora, Monotremata, Chiroptera, and potentially Primates.

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Area of Science:

Zoology
Biochemistry
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Mammalian venom was historically underestimated.
Recent discoveries and techniques have revitalized interest in mammalian venom.
Venom occurs across diverse mammalian orders.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in the study of mammalian venom.
To summarize the biochemical characteristics and effects of mammalian venoms.
To discuss the historical discovery and evolutionary hypotheses of mammalian venom.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent fossil discoveries and experimental techniques.
Synthesis of biochemical data on mammalian venom composition and action.
Analysis of historical records and evolutionary theories.

Main Results:

Mammalian venoms are biochemically diverse with varied modes of action.
Venomous mammals are confirmed in Insectivora, Monotremata, and Chiroptera.
Evidence suggests potential venomous representatives within Primates.

Conclusions:

Mammalian venom is a significant and evolving area of research.
Understanding venom composition and effects is crucial for both biological and medical insights.
Further research into the evolutionary origins and broader distribution of mammalian venom is warranted.