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Meiosis I01:49

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Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by a...
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Acetabular retroversion in Down syndrome.

Wudbhav N Sankar1, Jonathan G Schoenecker, Matthew E Mayfield

  • 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|March 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Children with Down syndrome have significantly more retroverted acetabula, a key factor in hip instability. This finding suggests axial imaging is crucial for planning corrective surgery in Trisomy 21 patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Genetics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Hip instability in Down syndrome presents management challenges.
  • Posterior acetabular wall deficiency is a common observation in Down syndrome hips, differing from typical anterolateral dysplasia.
  • This suggests potential acetabular retroversion in Down syndrome hip dysplasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine acetabular version in children with Down syndrome.
  • To compare acetabular version in Down syndrome patients with matched normal and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) control groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study (Level III).
  • Matched cohorts of Down syndrome patients, normal controls, and DDH patients.
  • Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans used to measure acetabular version.
  • Analysis of variance (ANOVA) used for statistical comparison.

Main Results:

  • Mean acetabular version was 2±11 degrees in Down syndrome patients, indicating significant retroversion.
  • This was significantly different from normal controls (13±5 degrees, P=0.02) and DDH patients (21±7 degrees, P<0.001).
  • 10/16 Down syndrome patients exhibited severe acetabular retroversion, compared to 3/16 normal controls and 1/16 DDH patients (P=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Acetabula in patients with Down syndrome and hip instability are more retroverted than in normal or DDH populations.
  • Axial imaging is recommended for evaluating acetabular version in Trisomy 21 patients with hip instability.
  • This evaluation aids in planning optimal corrective osteotomies for acetabular deficiency.