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Related Concept Videos

Chemotaxis in E. coli01:27

Chemotaxis in E. coli

Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...
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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...
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Flagella and Motility in Bacteria

Flagella are specialized, thread-like structures that extend from a bacteria's cell envelope. They play a crucial role in motility and chemotaxis. Their structural organization and functioning exemplify sophisticated biological engineering, enabling bacterial survival and adaptability in diverse environments.Structure of the FlagellumA bacterial flagellum consists of three key components: the filament, the hook, and basal body. The filament, a long, helical structure composed of repeating...
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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
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Published on: January 31, 2020

Theoretical insights into bacterial chemotaxis.

Marcus J Tindall1, Eamonn A Gaffney, Philip K Maini

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK. m.tindall@reading.ac.uk

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine
|March 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Theoretical modeling is crucial for understanding bacterial chemotaxis, a key system in Systems Biology. This review explores how models reveal insights into bacterial sensing and population behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Systems Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bacterial chemotaxis research has spanned over 40 years.
  • Understanding how bacteria detect and respond to environmental changes is key.
  • Bacterial chemotaxis serves as a model system for Systems Biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of theoretical modeling in bacterial chemotaxis research.
  • To provide insights into bacterial sensory response mechanisms.
  • To review single-cell and population-level modeling approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and theoretical research in bacterial chemotaxis.
  • Analysis of theoretical modeling contributions.
  • Examination of single-cell and multiscale population models.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical modeling has significantly advanced the understanding of bacterial chemotaxis.
  • Models provide insights into the intricate sensory response of bacteria.
  • Modeling aids in extending single-cell understanding to population dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Theoretical modeling is indispensable for deciphering bacterial chemotaxis.
  • Continued integration of experimental and theoretical approaches is vital.
  • Modeling advances understanding from individual bacterial behavior to population-level phenomena.