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Development of Blood Vessels

Development of Blood Vessels

The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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Production of Formed Elements

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

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The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

Published on: June 17, 2016

Hemogenic endothelium during development and beyond.

Karen K Hirschi¹

¹Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. karen.hirschi@yale.edu

|March 15, 2012

Summary

Hemogenic endothelium, crucial for blood cell development in embryos, may also contribute to blood formation in fetal and adult bone marrow. Further research is needed to confirm its role in definitive hematopoiesis.

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Hematopoiesis
Endothelial Cells

Background:

Multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) originate from hemogenic endothelium during embryonic development.
The yolk sac, placenta, and aorta are known sites where hemogenic endothelium generates HSCs.
The contribution of hemogenic endothelium to blood cell development in other definitive hematopoietic sites remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether hemogenic endothelial cells contribute to blood cell development in the fetal liver and fetal bone marrow.
To determine if hemogenic endothelial cells are present in adult bone marrow vasculature and generate HSCs postnatally.

Main Methods:

This study discusses the potential roles and clinical relevance of hemogenic endothelium in hematopoiesis.

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The abstract does not specify experimental methods but indicates a discussion of existing knowledge and future research directions.

Main Results:

The abstract does not present specific experimental results.
It highlights the current gaps in knowledge regarding hemogenic endothelium's role in fetal and adult hematopoiesis.

Conclusions:

The precise contribution of hemogenic endothelium to definitive hematopoiesis in fetal organs and adult bone marrow requires further investigation.
Understanding these processes is crucial for potential clinical applications in regenerative medicine and treating blood disorders.