Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

$Interference and Diffraction$ 02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.

Full wave rectifier

Full wave rectifier

A full-wave rectifier is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and is more efficient than its half-wave counterpart. It typically includes a center-tapped transformer, two diodes, and a load resistor. The secondary winding of the transformer is divided to provide two equal voltages of opposite polarities, which is the pivotal element of full-wave rectification.

Half wave rectifier

Half wave rectifier

A half-wave rectifier is a fundamental circuit in electronics, designed to convert alternating current (AC) voltage into a unidirectional voltage. It utilizes the simplest form of diode rectification, where the circuit comprises a single diode in series with a load resistor and an AC power source.

Standing Waves in a Cavity

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

Clipper Circuit

Clipper Circuit

A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Ultracompact on-chip coiled waveguide-integrated photodetectors enabled by 2D materials with enhanced responsivity.

Nanoscale·2025

Same author

High-responsivity InSe/TaSe<sub>2</sub> photodetectors integrated on low-loss silicon nitride waveguides.

Nanoscale advances·2025

Same author

A chiral microchip laser using anisotropic grating mirrors for single mode emission.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2024

Same author

High-power thin-disk lasers emitting beams with axially-symmetric polarizations.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2024

Same author

Brilliant quantum dots' photoluminescence from a dual-resonance plasmonic grating.

Optics express·2024

Same author

Enhanced sensing performance from trapezoidal metallic gratings fabricated by laser interference lithography.

Optics letters·2022

Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

High efficiency half-wave retardation in diffracted light by coupled waves.

Kalle Ventola¹, Jani Tervo, Samuli Siitonen

¹Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland. kalle.ventola@uef.fi

|March 16, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We achieved high-efficiency half-wave retardation using a slanted crossed grating. This diffractive optical element effectively manipulates light polarization for advanced optical applications.

More Related Videos

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Published on: July 25, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Published on: July 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Diffractive Optics
Nanophotonics

Background:

Controlling light polarization is crucial for many optical technologies.
Diffractive optical elements offer miniaturization and novel functionalities.
Achieving high efficiency in polarization manipulation with gratings remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate high-efficiency half-wave retardation in diffracted light.
To investigate the use of a slanted crossed grating for polarization mixing.
To achieve precise control over the polarization state of diffracted light.

Main Methods:

Utilized a slanted crossed grating with a subwavelength period.
Employed 2nd order Littrow mounting for light diffraction.
Applied the classical coupled-wave approach for theoretical explanation.

Main Results:

Achieved a diffraction efficiency of 58.9%.
Demonstrated near-perfect half-wave retardation.
Observed effective mixing of input light polarization states within the grating.

Conclusions:

Slanted crossed gratings are effective for generating half-wave retardation.
The demonstrated method offers a viable route to efficient polarization control.
This technique has potential applications in polarization-dependent optical systems.