Electromagnetic simulations of a photonic luminescent solar concentrator

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) are used in photovoltaic applications to concentrate direct and diffuse sunlight without tracking. We employed 2D FDTD simulations to investigate the concept of a photonic LSC (PLSC), where the luminescent material is embedded in a photonic crystal to mitigate the primary losses in LSCs: the escape cone and reabsorption. We obtain suppressed emission inside the photonic band gap, which can be utilized to reduce reabsorption. Furthermore, the efficiency of light guiding is strongly enhanced in a broad spectral range, reaching up to 99.7%. Our optimization of design parameters suggests emitting layers of sub-wavelength thickness.