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Updated: May 24, 2026

Robotic Mirror Therapy System for Functional Recovery of Hemiplegic Arms
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Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke.

Holm Thieme1, Jan Mehrholz, Marcus Pohl

  • 1Erste Europäische Schule für Physiotherapie, Ergotherapie und Logopädie, Klinik Bavaria Kreischa, Kreischa, Sachen, Germany. holm.thieme@physiotherapie-schule-kreischa.de.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|March 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Mirror therapy shows promise for improving motor function, daily activities, and pain in stroke survivors. This rehabilitation technique, using a mirror to reflect limb movements, offers significant benefits as an adjunct to standard care.

Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Stroke Recovery
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Mirror therapy is a technique used to enhance motor function recovery following a stroke.
  • It involves using a mirror to create a reflective illusion of the affected limb's movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of mirror therapy in improving motor function, activities of daily living (ADL), pain, and visuospatial neglect in post-stroke patients.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on mirror therapy's impact.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and randomized cross-over trials.
  • Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (Cochrane Stroke Group, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, PsycINFO, PEDro) up to June 2011.

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  • Data extraction and analysis using standardized mean differences (SMDs) to assess treatment effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Mirror therapy demonstrated a significant positive effect on upper extremity motor function (SMD 0.61 post-intervention, SMD 1.04 change scores).
    • Improvements were also observed in activities of daily living (SMD 0.33) and pain reduction (SMD -1.10).
    • Limited evidence suggested potential benefits for visuospatial neglect (SMD 1.22), with motor function effects sustained at six months.

    Conclusions:

    • Mirror therapy is effective as an adjunct to standard rehabilitation for improving motor function, ADL, and pain in stroke patients.
    • Study limitations include small sample sizes, varied control interventions, and methodological weaknesses in some trials.
    • Further high-quality research is warranted to confirm findings and optimize treatment protocols.