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Related Concept Videos

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

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A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
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Published on: February 5, 2014

Using GenBank® for genomic authentication: a tutorial.

James R Hennell1, Paul M D'Agostino, Samiuela Lee

  • 1Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia. j.hennell@uws.edu.au

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Learn to navigate GenBank, a vital genetic information repository. This guide covers searching sequences, using BLAST for alignment, and uploading your genomic data.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • GenBank is a crucial genetic sequence database.
  • Genomic authentication research requires proficient database navigation skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a practical guide for using GenBank.
  • To train researchers in accessing and contributing genetic data.

Main Methods:

  • Searching for specific DNA or RNA sequences within GenBank.
  • Utilizing Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for sequence alignment and identification.
  • Uploading and managing personal sequence data in GenBank.
  • Exploring supplementary software for sequence manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Researchers can effectively search and retrieve genetic information from GenBank.
  • Proficiency in BLAST enables the analysis of unknown sequences.
  • Users can successfully contribute and maintain their own data.

Conclusions:

  • Mastering GenBank and associated tools like BLAST is essential for genomic researchers.
  • This guide empowers scientists to utilize and contribute to the GenBank database efficiently.