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A Rapid Strategy for the Isolation of New Faustoviruses from Environmental Samples Using Vermamoeba vermiformis
Published on: June 4, 2016
A third gyrovirus species in human faeces
Tung G Phan1,2, Linlin Li1,2, Miguel G O'Ryan3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
The Journal of General Virology
|March 17, 2012
Summary
A novel gyrovirus, GyV3, was discovered in human feces, distinct from chicken anemia virus (CAV). CAV DNA was also prevalent in human and animal samples, suggesting potential transmission routes.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Public Health
Background:
- The Gyrovirus genus, family Circoviridae, previously comprised only Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV).
- A human gyrovirus (HGyV) was identified in healthy individuals, closely related to a chicken gyrovirus (AGV2).
- This highlights the potential for gyrovirus cross-species transmission and novel species discovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel viral species in human fecal samples from children with diarrhea using viral metagenomics.
- To investigate the prevalence of Gyroviridae, including Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV), in various populations.
- To characterize a newly identified gyrovirus, designated GyV3.
Main Methods:
- Viral metagenomic analysis of 100 human fecal samples from Chilean children.
- Identification of known enteric viruses and novel viral sequences.
- Gyroviridae consensus PCR for detecting CAV DNA in human and animal fecal samples.
Main Results:
- A novel gyrovirus species, GyV3, was identified, sharing less than 63% protein similarity with other gyroviruses and showing evidence of recombination with CAV.
- Multiple known human enteric pathogens were also detected.
- High prevalence of CAV DNA was found in fecal samples from Chilean children (diarrhea and normal) and USA cats and dogs.
Conclusions:
- A new gyrovirus species, GyV3, exists in the human gut, distinct from previously known gyroviruses.
- The widespread detection of CAV DNA suggests potential transmission through consumption of CAV-infected or vaccinated chickens.
- Further research is needed to determine the infectivity of GyV3 in humans and chickens.
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