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Isolation and Screening from Soil Biodiversity for Fungi Involved in the Degradation of Recalcitrant Materials
Published on: May 16, 2022
Interaction between BSM-contaminated soils and Italian ryegrass
Huashou Li1, Na Li, Chuxia Lin
1Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Summary
Italian ryegrass growth accelerates bensulfuron-methyl degradation in soil, primarily through microbial action in the rhizosphere. While ryegrass absorbs the herbicide, its overall removal from soil is minimal.
Area of Science:
- Environmental chemistry
- Soil science
- Agroecology
Background:
- Bensulfuron-methyl is a widely used herbicide in rice cultivation.
- Understanding herbicide fate and impact in soil ecosystems is crucial for sustainable agriculture.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interactions between bensulfuron-methyl, Italian ryegrass growth, and soil properties.
- To determine the degradation pathways and plant uptake of bensulfuron-methyl in a soil microcosm.
Main Methods:
- Microcosm experiment to study bensulfuron-methyl degradation.
- Analysis of soil chemical, biochemical, and microbiological parameters.
- Measurement of Italian ryegrass growth and bensulfuron-methyl uptake.
Main Results:
- Bensulfuron-methyl is rapidly degraded by soil fungi and actinomycetes.
- Italian ryegrass growth significantly enhances bensulfuron-methyl degradation in the rhizosphere.
- Ryegrass uptake of bensulfuron-methyl is dose-dependent but contributes little to overall removal.
- Ryegrass shoot biomass slightly reduced at higher herbicide concentrations, with no adverse effect on root development.
Conclusions:
- Microbial degradation and ryegrass rhizosphere activity are key factors in bensulfuron-methyl dissipation.
- Soil adsorption and microbial breakdown limit herbicide toxicity to ryegrass.
- Ryegrass growth alters soil properties, increasing pH and phosphatase/peroxidase activity, while decreasing EC and urease activity.
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