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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

Pregnancy and autoimmunity: a common problem.

Carlo Perricone1, Caterina de Carolis, Roberto Perricone

  • 1Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Rome, Italy.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|March 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Successful pregnancy relies on immune cooperation, but unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) involves autoimmune factors like autoantibodies. Targeting these mechanisms may prevent pregnancy complications.

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Published on: December 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Immunology
  • Obstetrics
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Successful pregnancy involves T-helper (Th) 1-Th2 immune cooperation, with a Th2-dominant response and roles for cytokines like IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and NK cells.
  • Immunological factors, including decidual cells, complement, cytokines, and HLA genes, are implicated in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) pathogenesis.
  • Increasing evidence suggests alloimmune and autoimmune mechanisms contribute to unexplained RSA, with autoantibodies playing a significant role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the immunological factors, particularly autoantibodies, involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).
  • To highlight the role of autoantibodies, such as anti-phospholipid, anti-Ro/SSA, and anti-La/SSB, in pregnancy failure and obstetric complications.
  • To underscore the discovery of novel pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases that can be targeted for preventing and treating obstetrical complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immunological factors in pregnancy success and RSA.
  • Analysis of the role of T-helper cell responses, cytokines, and natural killer cells in pregnancy.
  • Investigation of autoantibodies and their association with recurrent spontaneous abortion and obstetric outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Autoimmune mechanisms, driven by autoantibodies, are increasingly recognized in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.
  • Specific autoantibodies, including anti-phospholipid, anti-Ro/SSA, and anti-La/SSB, are linked to increased abortion rates and poor pregnancy outcomes.
  • Novel pathogenic mechanisms underlying autoimmune-related obstetrical complications have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) pathogenesis involves complex immune interactions, with autoimmunity and specific autoantibodies being key factors.
  • Understanding the role of autoantibodies provides targets for novel prevention and treatment strategies for obstetrical complications in autoimmune diseases.
  • Further research into these immunological mechanisms is crucial for improving pregnancy outcomes in affected individuals.