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Michelangelo's eye disease.

P E Gallenga1, Giampiero Neri, Ruggero D'Anastasio

  • 1State University "G. d'Annunzio", Department of Surgical Science Section Ophtalmology, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

Medical Hypotheses
|March 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Michelangelo developed an eye condition while painting the Sistine Chapel due to prolonged upward gazing. This acquired nystagmus and ocular tilt reaction resolved after he finished the fresco.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Art History
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel (1508-1512) involved prolonged periods in an awkward, elevated position.
  • The artist worked with toxic materials and in poor lighting conditions, as documented in his writings.

Observation:

  • Michelangelo reported developing an eye condition in 1510, characterized by the need to hold reading material at eye level.
  • This visual defect resolved spontaneously a few months after completing the fresco.

Findings:

  • We hypothesize Michelangelo experienced acquired and transitory nystagmus, an involuntary eye movement.
  • This was likely induced by sustained upward gaze, leading to skew deviation and an ocular tilt reaction.

Implications:

  • The study suggests a link between prolonged extreme upward gaze and transient visual disturbances.
  • This offers insight into the physiological effects of specific artistic working conditions on visual health.