[Dermatologic adverse events of the new targeted anticancer therapies used in oncodermatology]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Targeted anticancer therapies have revolutionized cancer treatment.
• While effective, these therapies can cause significant side effects.
• The skin is frequently affected by toxicities from novel cancer drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the most common cutaneous side effects associated with targeted anticancer therapies.
• To provide an overview of oncodermatological toxicities from established and emerging cancer treatments.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of targeted therapies and their dermatological side effects.
• Focus on specific drug classes including EGF receptor inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, and CTLA-4 antibodies.

Main Results:

• EGF receptor inhibitors (cetuximab, erlotinib) and imatinib cause characteristic skin reactions.
• Newer agents for metastatic melanoma, such as BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib) and MEK inhibitors (selumetinib), present distinct cutaneous toxicities.
• CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies (ipilimumab) also induce specific skin adverse events.

Conclusions:

• Understanding and managing skin toxicities is crucial for patients on targeted therapies.
• Oncodermatology plays a key role in optimizing treatment adherence and patient quality of life.
• This review highlights the spectrum of skin side effects from modern targeted cancer treatments.