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Related Concept Videos

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration

Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
07:11

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

Published on: July 19, 2018

Beyond dialysis: current and emerging blood purification techniques.

Bernd Stegmayr1, Wolfgang Ramlow, Rasheed A Balogun

  • 1Department of Public Health and Medicine, Umeå University and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden. bernd.stegmayr@medicin.umu.se

Seminars in Dialysis
|March 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This review summarizes advanced extracorporeal blood purification techniques beyond standard hemodialysis and hemofiltration. It covers essential therapies for removing complex toxins and waste products in clinical nephrology practice.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
07:11

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

Published on: July 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nephrology
  • Extracorporeal Therapies

Background:

  • Extracorporeal blood purification is central to clinical nephrology.
  • Hemodialysis and hemofiltration are common but cannot clear all harmful substances.
  • Other techniques are needed for substances with large molecular size, protein binding, or lipid solubility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated summary of extracorporeal therapies used in clinical nephrology.
  • To review techniques beyond hemodialysis and hemofiltration.
  • To highlight current clinical applications in the United States and globally.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and literature.
  • Focus on extracorporeal therapies excluding standard hemodialysis and hemofiltration.
  • Categorization of therapies including therapeutic apheresis, plasma adsorption, hemoperfusion, and bio-artificial devices.

Main Results:

  • Therapeutic apheresis (plasma exchange, cytapheresis) is a key alternative therapy.
  • Plasma adsorption and hemoperfusion offer targeted removal of specific substances.
  • Bio-artificial devices represent emerging extracorporeal solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced extracorporeal therapies are crucial for managing complex nephrology cases.
  • These methods complement hemodialysis and hemofiltration for comprehensive blood purification.
  • The reviewed techniques are integral to modern nephrological practice worldwide.