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Fasting APO B48 levels are associated with microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

E Lapice1, P Cipriano, L Patti

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy. emanuela1978@hotmail.it

Acta Diabetologica
|March 21, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes is linked to higher Apo B48 levels, a marker of atherogenic lipoproteins. This association may explain increased cardiovascular risk in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with microalbuminuria face high macrovascular disease risk.
  • Microalbuminuria indicates early kidney damage and is a marker for cardiovascular complications.
  • Apolipoprotein B48 (Apo B48) is a marker for intestinally derived triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), considered highly atherogenic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between microalbuminuria and fasting plasma Apo B48 levels in T2DM patients.
  • To determine if Apo B48 levels are an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria in T2DM.
  • To explore the potential role of elevated Apo B48 in the excess cardiovascular risk observed in T2DM patients with microalbuminuria.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 50 T2DM patients (aged 35-75) without overt macrovascular disease or nephropathy.
  • Measurements included anthropometry, fasting plasma lipids, HbA1c, creatinine, estimated GFR, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio.
  • Fasting plasma Apo B48 levels were quantified using ELISA.

Main Results:

  • Patients with microalbuminuria exhibited significantly higher fasting Apo B48 levels compared to those without (1.765 ± 1.379 μg/ml vs. 1.022 ± 0.692 μg/ml, p = 0.01).
  • Microalbuminuria was associated with longer diabetes duration (borderline significance).
  • Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that elevated Apo B48 levels were significantly associated with microalbuminuria, independent of major confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Microalbuminuria in T2DM patients is independently associated with elevated fasting Apo B48 levels.
  • Increased Apo B48 may contribute to the heightened cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients with microalbuminuria.
  • Targeting Apo B48-containing lipoproteins could be a strategy to mitigate cardiovascular risk in this population.

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