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Updated: May 23, 2026

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

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Published on: May 15, 2015

Applications of supercritical fluids.

¹Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Hamburg, Germany. brunner@tu-harburg.de

Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

|March 22, 2012

Summary

Supercritical fluids offer versatile industrial applications for material processing, from established extraction to developing nanostructured materials. Understanding their complex behavior is key to unlocking further potential in diverse chemical and physical processes.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Process Chemistry

Background:

Supercritical fluids (SCFs) are advanced materials processing tools with tunable properties.
Their unique characteristics enable diverse applications across various industrial sectors.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current and emerging industrial applications of supercritical fluids.
To highlight the versatility of SCFs in material processing and reactive systems.

Main Methods:

Literature review of supercritical fluid applications.
Analysis of SCFs in mass-transfer, phase-transition, and reactive systems.
Examination of SCFs in polymer modification and nanostructured material synthesis.

Main Results:

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SCFs are utilized in extraction, impregnation, cleaning, separation, particle formation, and coating.
Industrial applications include hydrogenation, biomass gasification, and supercritical water oxidation.
Polymers, colloids, emulsions, and nanostructured materials benefit from SCF interactions.

Conclusions:

Supercritical fluid technology offers significant industrial potential.
Further research into SCF properties and complex behaviors is crucial for successful application development.
Fundamental knowledge is essential for optimizing SCF-based industrial processes.