Immunosuppressive effect of prolactin-induced protein

Prolactin-induced protein (PIP) has been shown to bind to CD4 and is speculated to block CD4-HLA-DR interaction. However, the immunomodulatory effect of PIP on chronic allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) remains to be elucidated. The aim of this work was to define the role of PIP during the immunoresponse. Using an oxazolone-induced mouse chronic ACD model, expression of PIP was immunohistologically examined. Furthermore, effects of continued exposure of a peptide mimicking the major binding site of PIP (amino acids 106-132) for CD4 was examined in a mouse chronic ACD model. We clarified that keratinocytes and dermal infiltrating cells are positively stained with anti-PIP antibody. The PIP peptide significantly downregulated oxazolone-induced mouse ACD compared to the controls. We also found that inflammation of PIP-non-applied control ear was also suppressed in a synchronized manner in the late phase of the PIP peptide applied mouse. These findings suggest that PIP might have an immunosuppressive effect in mouse chronic ACD.