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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Procedure Details
The examination begins by inserting a lubricated rectal tube into the patient's rectum to administer a radiopaque barium solution. The barium flow is carefully...

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Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
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Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Visualization of the normal appendix with MR enterography in children.

Arzu Kovanlikaya1, Daniel Rosenbaum, Madhu Mazumdar

  • 1Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 525 E 68th St, Rm F631E, New York, NY 10065, USA. ark2011@med.cornell.edu

Pediatric Radiology
|March 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected the normal appendix in 48% of children, comparable to CT scans. This study guides the development of MRI protocols for diagnosing pediatric appendicitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Pediatric Imaging
  • Gastrointestinal Imaging

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is standard for diagnosing appendicitis in children, but involves radiation exposure.
  • Ultrasound (US) is often equivocal for appendicitis diagnosis in pediatric patients.
  • Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers a radiation-sparing alternative, but its efficacy in detecting the appendix needs further evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the detection rate of the normal appendix in children using oral and intravenous (IV) contrast-enhanced MRI.
  • To establish the comparability of MRI appendix detection rates with CT scans.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of MR enterography examinations in 58 pediatric patients.
  • Recorded appendix detection rates, body mass index (BMI), age, and gender.
  • Utilized axial fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) sequence.

Main Results:

  • The normal appendix was detected in 48% of cases (28 out of 58 patients).
  • Appendix detection was highest with the axial FIESTA sequence.
  • Children with detected appendices had significantly higher BMI compared to those without.
  • Age and gender did not significantly impact appendix detection rates.

Conclusions:

  • The 48% detection rate of the normal appendix with contrast-enhanced MRI in children is comparable to CT.
  • This detection rate is also similar to previously reported rates for non-contrast MRI.
  • Findings support the use of MRI as a viable, radiation-sparing option for pediatric appendicitis diagnosis and can inform protocol development.