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Climate change, zoonoses and India.

B B Singh1, R Sharma, J P S Gill

  • 1Department of Veterinary Public Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.

Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Global warming in India is increasing the risk of zoonotic diseases, impacting public health and the economy. Climate change affects the spread of vector-borne, waterborne, and airborne diseases, necessitating further research and adaptation strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Economic development has historically impacted natural resources, but environmental changes now influence economy and health.
  • Animals and birds are key in zoonotic disease transmission, with increasing concerns in India.
  • Global warming is projected to increase the prevalence of vector-borne and waterborne zoonotic diseases in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of climate change on zoonotic diseases in India.
  • To discuss the role of climate change in the emergence and re-emergence of various zoonotic diseases.
  • To highlight the public health implications of climate-sensitive zoonoses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on zoonotic diseases and climate change in India.
  • Analysis of trends in vector-borne, waterborne, and airborne zoonoses.
  • Identification of emerging zoonotic disease patterns linked to climatic shifts.

Main Results:

  • Vector-borne diseases are a significant public health issue in India, occurring annually in epidemic forms.
  • New areas for cutaneous leishmaniosis have been identified in South India, with climate change potentially driving its re-emergence.
  • Climate change is linked to increased risk of waterborne and foodborne illnesses, and altered transmission patterns for airborne zoonoses.

Conclusions:

  • Climate change poses a significant threat to public health in India through the increased prevalence of zoonotic diseases.
  • Further research is crucial to understand the specific roles of climate change in the dynamics of diseases like cutaneous leishmaniosis.
  • Adaptation and mitigation strategies are needed to address the growing burden of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases.