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P R Amer1

  • 1AbacusBio Limited, PO Box 5585, Dunedin, New Zealand. pamer@abacusbio.co.nz

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Breeding strategies can shift genetic focus towards cattle robustness, enhancing farm profitability and sustainability. Genomic selection offers a promising avenue for prioritizing robustness traits over mere productivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal genetics and breeding
  • Agricultural science
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Increased cattle robustness offers benefits including farm profitability, improved animal welfare, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and enhanced food security.
  • Current breeding practices often prioritize productivity traits over robustness due to insufficient trait recording and early-age selection.
  • Breeding schemes significantly influence the direction of genetic progress, impacting the balance between different trait categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate how breeding scheme design can manipulate genetic progress towards robustness traits.
  • To analyze the impact of transitioning from traditional selection methods to genomic selection on robustness versus productivity.
  • To identify strategies for enhancing the genetic selection of robust cattle.

Main Methods:

  • Extended a theory of artificial evolution using deterministic simulation.
  • Modeled the transition from progeny testing/mass selection to genomic selection strategies.
  • Evaluated the influence of training population size and heritability on trait selection outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Transitioning to genomic selection from pre-progeny testing selection highly favors genetic progress in robustness traits.
  • This positive effect on robustness is evident even with limited training data and slightly lower heritability for robustness traits.
  • Shifting from progeny testing to genomic selection without progeny testing risks diminishing the influence of robustness traits relative to productivity.

Conclusions:

  • Breeding scheme design is a critical tool for directing genetic gain towards cattle robustness.
  • Genomic selection, particularly when transitioning from selection before progeny records are available, can effectively enhance robustness.
  • Investment in augmenting training populations and improving phenotypic recording of robustness traits is recommended for stakeholders.