Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 23, 2026

Evaluation of Drug Sorption to PVC- and Non-PVC-based Tubes in Administration Sets Using a Pump
Published on: March 11, 2017
Contingent valuation and pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for medication therapy management services
1College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Health Outcomes and Policy Research, 881 Madison Avenue, Room 221, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Background:
Pharmacists' acceptable level of compensation for medication therapy management (MTM) services needs to be determined using various economic evaluation techniques.
Objectives:
Using contingent valuation method, determine pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for MTM services.
Methods:
A mailing survey was used to elicit Tennessee (U.S.) pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for a 30-minute MTM session for a new patient with 2 medical conditions, 8 medications, and an annual drug cost of $2000. Three versions of a series of double-bounded, closed-ended, binary discrete choice questions were asked of pharmacists for their willingness to accept (WTA) for an original monetary value ($30, $60, or $90) and then follow-up higher or lower value depending on their responses to the original value. A Kaplan-Meier approach was taken to analyze pharmacists' WTA, and Cox's proportional hazards model was used to examine the effects of pharmacist characteristics on their WTA.
Results:
Three hundred and forty-eight pharmacists responded to the survey. Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session had a mean of $63.31 and median of $60. The proportions of pharmacists willing to accept $30, $60, and $90 for the given MTM session were 30.61%, 85.19%, and 91.01%, respectively. Pharmacists' characteristics had statistically significant association with their WTA rates.
Conclusions:
Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session is higher than current Medicare MTM programs' compensation levels of $15-$50 and patients' willingness to pay of less than $40. Besides advocating for higher MTM compensation levels by third-party payers, pharmacists also may need to charge patients to reach sufficient compensation levels for MTM services.
Related Concept Videos
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters
Dosage Regimen: Individualization
Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods
Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This relationship...