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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord
10:46

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Published on: April 7, 2015

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the head and neck.

Harriet C Thoeny1, Frederik De Keyzer, Ann D King

  • 1Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology and Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 10, University of Bern, Bern CH-3010, Switzerland. Harriet.Thoeny@insel.ch

Radiology
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging aids head and neck cancer evaluation. Lower apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) identify malignant lesions and metastases, while ADC changes monitor treatment response.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly used for extracranial applications, particularly in head and neck radiology.
  • Its utility lies in tissue characterization, nodal staging, therapy monitoring, and detecting treatment failure by differentiating recurrence from posttherapeutic changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of DW imaging in head and neck pathology.
  • To assess its effectiveness in tissue characterization, nodal staging, and treatment response assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques.
  • Analyzed apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of malignant and benign lesions, as well as lymph nodes.
  • Monitored ADC changes during treatment follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Lower ADCs were observed in malignant head and neck lesions compared to benign ones.
  • DW imaging showed promise in detecting lymph node metastases, even in subcentimeter nodes with lower ADCs.
  • Increased ADCs indicated early treatment response, while stable or decreased ADCs suggested non-response.

Conclusions:

  • DW imaging is a valuable tool for evaluating head and neck pathologies, aiding in diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
  • Standardization of technical parameters and increased radiologist experience are crucial for optimal application.