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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
07:37

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

Brain computer interfaces, a review.

Luis Fernando Nicolas-Alonso1, Jaime Gomez-Gil

  • 1Department of Signal Theory, Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain. lnicalo@ribera.tel.uva.es

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable control of devices using brain activity alone. This review details BCI components, from signal acquisition to control, aiding communication for paralyzed individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are systems enabling direct control of external devices via brain activity.
  • BCIs aim to restore communication for individuals with severe paralysis due to neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in BCI technology.
  • To analyze the different stages of a standard BCI system and associated technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroimaging modalities for signal acquisition (electrical, magnetic, metabolic).
  • Analysis of electrophysiological control signals and signal enhancement techniques.
  • Examination of algorithms for feature extraction, classification, and control interfaces.
Keywords:
artifactbrain-computer interface (BCI)brain-machine interfacecollaborative sensor systemelectroencephalography (EEG)neuroimagingrehabilitation

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Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of technologies for each BCI component: signal acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and control.
  • Discussion of advantages, drawbacks, and recent advancements in BCI systems.
  • Survey of diverse BCI applications controlling various devices.

Conclusions:

  • BCI technology involves multiple integrated steps, each with specific challenges and advancements.
  • The review highlights the potential of BCIs to significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with severe motor disabilities.