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Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:

Pleura of the Lungs

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...

The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Published on: December 21, 2019

Mesothelioma: a review.

¹Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA.

Ochsner Journal

|March 23, 2012

Summary

Mesothelioma, a cancer linked to asbestos exposure, presents treatment challenges. While early stages offer curative potential, advanced cases and common relapses necessitate ongoing research into new therapies.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Environmental Medicine
Public Health

Background:

Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure.
Latency periods are long, meaning diagnoses often occur decades after initial exposure.
While asbestos removal efforts are ongoing, new cases continue to be diagnosed.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current landscape of mesothelioma diagnosis and treatment.
To highlight challenges in managing advanced or recurrent disease.
To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and palliative care.

Main Methods:

Literature review of mesothelioma epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment modalities.
Analysis of current standard-of-care chemotherapy regimens.

Keywords:

Asbestos diagnosis malignant pleural mesothelioma targeted therapies treatment

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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

Published on: October 2, 2015

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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines

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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

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Exploration of ongoing clinical trials for novel targeted therapies.

Main Results:

Early-stage mesothelioma may be curable with surgery and radiation.
Standard chemotherapy (cisplatin and pemetrexed) is common but often followed by relapse.
Second-line treatment options are limited and often disappointing.
Targeted therapies show promise but require further investigation in clinical trials.

Conclusions:

Mesothelioma management requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Advances in targeted therapies offer hope for improved patient outcomes.
Palliative care is crucial for managing symptoms and improving quality of life in mesothelioma patients.