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Related Experiment Video

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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Same modulation but different starting points: performance modulates age differences in inferior frontal cortex

Marcus Meinzer1, Tobias Flaisch, Lauren Seeds

  • 1Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America. marcus.meinzer@charite.de

Plos One
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Older adults show increased right ventral inferior frontal gyrus (vIFG) activity during word retrieval, but this is linked to performance accuracy, not just age. Task difficulty impacts both younger and older adults similarly.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Neural basis of word retrieval in aging is understudied.
  • Previous studies show enhanced right prefrontal activity in older adults, but task difficulty effects are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate age-related differences in ventral inferior frontal gyrus (vIFG) activity during word retrieval.
  • Determine if increased activity in older adults is due to age or task difficulty.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess vIFG activity.
  • Task difficulty was manipulated during semantic and phonemic word-generation tasks.
  • Healthy younger and older adults (N=16/group) participated.

Main Results:

  • Both groups performed worse on more difficult tasks.
  • Older adults produced fewer correct responses and showed greater right vIFG activity.
  • Increased vIFG activity during difficult conditions occurred in both age groups.
  • Activity levels and modulation correlated with performance accuracy across groups and tasks.

Conclusions:

  • vIFG activity and its modulation by task difficulty are performance-dependent in both younger and older adults.
  • Observed group differences in right vIFG activity are explained by performance accuracy.
  • Future imaging studies of aging should account for performance accuracy.