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Published on: February 5, 2018
Bath salts: they are not what you think
Diane M Wieland1, Margaret J Halter, Ciara Levine
1La Salle University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. wieland@lasalle.edu
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
|March 23, 2012
Summary
Psychoactive bath salts, potent stimulants, cause euphoria and dangerous side effects like psychosis. Key ingredients are now Schedule I controlled substances in the U.S.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Public Health
Background:
- Psychoactive 'bath salts' are novel designer stimulants sold illicitly.
- These substances mimic powerful drugs like cocaine and methamphetamine.
- Common derivatives include MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the nature and effects of psychoactive bath salts.
- To discuss the clinical and educational implications for nursing.
- To highlight the regulatory actions taken against these drugs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of psychoactive bath salt effects and characteristics.
- Analysis of reported adverse events and clinical observations.
- Examination of regulatory responses, including scheduling by the DEA.
Main Results:
- Bath salts induce intense stimulation, euphoria, and a 'rush'.
- Adverse effects include tachycardia, hypertension, paranoia, psychosis, and erratic behavior.
- Three primary cathinone derivatives (MDPV, mephedrone, methylone) are commonly identified.
Conclusions:
- Psychoactive bath salts pose significant public health risks due to their stimulant properties and severe adverse effects.
- Nursing professionals require education on recognizing and managing patients affected by these substances.
- Legal controls, such as Schedule I classification, are implemented to combat their proliferation.
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