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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
11:34

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

Hepatitis C virus host cell entry.

Alexander Ploss1, Matthew J Evans

  • 1Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. aploss@rockefeller.edu

Current Opinion in Virology
|March 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into cells is complex. Researchers identified key host factors enabling rodent cell infection, leading to a new animal model for studying HCV entry and potential drug targets.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects over 130 million people globally.
  • Understanding HCV cell entry mechanisms is crucial for developing new treatments.
  • Previous research identified host factors for HCV entry, but their interactions are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanistic interplay of host factors in HCV cell entry.
  • To identify a minimal set of host factors required for HCV infection in rodent cells.
  • To develop an animal model that recapitulates HCV entry in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating species-specific barriers in HCV transmission.
  • Identifying essential host factors for HCV infection in rodent cell cultures.
  • Developing and validating an animal model for in vivo HCV entry studies.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a minimal set of host factors essential for HCV infection of rodent cells.
  • Successful development of an animal model that recapitulates HCV entry.
  • Advances in understanding species-specific transmission barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed knowledge of the viral uptake pathway is critical for identifying new drug targets.
  • The developed animal model provides a platform for in vivo studies of HCV entry.
  • Further research into host-pathogen interactions can lead to more effective interventions against HCV.