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Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection
09:25

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Published on: May 24, 2020

Poxvirus host cell entry.

Florian Ingo Schmidt1, Christopher Karl Ernst Bleck, Jason Mercer

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstr. 18, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Virology
|March 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poxviruses like vaccinia virus use macropinocytosis for cell entry. This review details differences in how mature virions (MVs) and extracellular virions (EVs) enter cells and fuse.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Poxviruses are large, complex DNA viruses with a cytoplasmic life cycle.
  • They generate two infectious forms: mature virions (MVs) and extracellular virions (EVs).
  • Vaccinia virus serves as a model organism for studying poxvirus entry mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding poxvirus cell entry.
  • To compare and contrast the entry mechanisms of MVs and EVs.
  • To highlight differences in macropinocytosis activation and membrane fusion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on poxvirus cell entry.
  • Comparative analysis of MV and EV internalization pathways.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms governing viral fusion.

Main Results:

  • Both MV and EV entry depend on host cell macropinocytosis.
  • MV and EV entry differ in macropinocytosis triggering and fusion processes.
  • EVs require shedding an extra membrane, while MVs must overcome fusion inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • Poxvirus entry is a complex process involving distinct mechanisms for MV and EV.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.
  • Recent research provides new insights into poxvirus-host cell interactions.