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Preeclampsia (marker of chronic kidney disease): from genesis to future risks

Thais Alquezar Facca1, Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn, Nelson Sass

  • 1Departamento de Obstetrícia da Escola Paulista de Medicina – EPM da Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Setor de Hipertensão Arterial e Nefropatias na Gestação.

Jornal Brasileiro De Nefrologia
|March 24, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy disorder linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). A history of PE may help predict and prevent future cardiovascular and kidney risks.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder affecting 3-14% of pregnancies globally.
  • PE shares pathophysiological mechanisms (endothelial dysfunction, metabolic changes, oxidative stress) and risk factors (obesity, kidney disease, diabetes) with cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between preeclampsia and the future risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • To investigate the potential of a preeclampsia history in assessing and managing future cardiovascular and kidney risks.

Main Methods:

  • This study reviews existing literature on the pathophysiological links between preeclampsia and cardiovascular/kidney diseases.
  • Analysis of shared risk factors and clinical presentations between PE, CVD, and CKD.

Main Results:

  • Preeclampsia-induced metabolic stress can lead to vascular injury, increasing the likelihood of future CVD and/or CKD.
  • The risk of developing CVD and CKD is particularly elevated in women with a history of recurrent or severe preeclampsia, including eclampsia.

Conclusions:

  • A history of preeclampsia serves as a potential indicator for future cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease risk assessment.
  • Early identification of women with a history of PE can aid in the prevention and early diagnosis of subsequent CVD and CKD.

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