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Related Concept Videos

Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion01:17

Characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion

The key characteristic of the simple harmonic motion is that the acceleration of the system and, therefore, the net force are proportional to the displacement and act in the opposite direction to the displacement. Additionally, the period and frequency of a simple harmonic oscillator are independent of its amplitude. For example, diving boards move faster or slower based on their thickness. A stiff, thick diving board has a large force constant, which causes it to have a smaller period, while a...
Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities01:19

Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities

An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp
09:58

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

Published on: February 3, 2014

Shape fluctuation-induced dynamic hysteresis.

Moupriya Das1, Debasish Mondal, Deb Shankar Ray

  • 1Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brownian particles in a dynamic bilobal enclosure exhibit an entropic hysteresis due to shape modulation. This phenomenon, dependent on temperature and field parameters, shows a frequency-dependent turnover.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp
09:58

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

Published on: February 3, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Statistical physics
  • Non-equilibrium thermodynamics

Background:

  • Brownian motion describes random particle movement.
  • Hysteresis is a lag in response to changing fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate particle dynamics in a periodically modulated bilobal enclosure.
  • Characterize the resulting entropic hysteresis phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating Brownian particles in a 2D bilobal enclosure.
  • Applying periodic external perturbations to the enclosure walls.
  • Analyzing particle residence probability and response function.

Main Results:

  • A relaxational delay leads to a non-vanishing hysteresis loop area.
  • This entropic hysteresis vanishes in the quasi-static limit.
  • Hysteresis area depends on temperature, field strength, geometry, and frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Periodic shape modulation induces entropic hysteresis in confined Brownian systems.
  • The phenomenon is a non-equilibrium effect, distinct from equilibrium thermodynamics.
  • System parameters critically influence the observed hysteresis loop area and its frequency dependence.