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Related Concept Videos

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

In Ovo Feeding of Commercial Broiler Eggs: An Accurate and Reproducible Method to Affect Muscle Development and Growth
06:38

In Ovo Feeding of Commercial Broiler Eggs: An Accurate and Reproducible Method to Affect Muscle Development and Growth

Published on: September 20, 2021

Dietary vitamin A can improve immune function in heat-stressed broilers.

Z Y Niu1, F X Wei, F Z Liu

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Dietary vitamin A supplementation improved broiler performance and immune function under heat stress. Supplementation enhanced antibody production and macrophage activity, crucial for combating stress effects in poultry.

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Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Heat stress (HS) negatively impacts broiler performance and immune competence.
  • Vitamin A is essential for immune function and stress response in poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin A on broiler performance and immune competence under heat stress.
  • To determine optimal vitamin A levels for mitigating heat stress in broilers.

Main Methods:

  • Broilers were subjected to thermoneutral (TN) or heat stress (HS) conditions.
  • Birds received dietary vitamin A supplementation at 750, 1500, or 15,000 IU/kg.
  • Humoral immunity was assessed via sheep red blood cell (SRBC) antibody titers.
  • Cell-mediated immunity was evaluated through macrophage phagocytic ability.

Main Results:

  • Heat stress significantly reduced body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion.
  • Dietary vitamin A supplementation increased macrophage numbers and phagocytic activity.
  • Vitamin A enhanced primary and secondary antibody responses to SRBC under heat stress.
  • Lymphoid organ weights and immune responses were reduced under heat stress.

Conclusions:

  • Heat stress severely impairs broiler performance and immunocompetence.
  • Dietary vitamin A supplementation can effectively improve the immune response and performance of broilers under heat stress.
  • Vitamin A plays a crucial role in mitigating the adverse effects of heat stress in poultry.