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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis01:29

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase, which converts...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors
08:01

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors

Published on: February 28, 2017

Botch promotes neurogenesis by antagonizing Notch.

Zhikai Chi1, Jianmin Zhang, Akinori Tokunaga

  • 1Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Developmental Cell
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Botch protein regulates neural stem cell development by promoting neuronal differentiation and blocking Notch signaling. This finding clarifies mechanisms in neocortical development and neurogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • The regulation of neural stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is crucial for brain development but remains incompletely understood.
  • Notch signaling plays a significant role in neurogenesis, but its precise regulatory mechanisms are still being elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the developmentally expressed protein Botch, which inhibits Notch signaling, in neocortical development.
  • To elucidate the role of Botch in regulating neural stem cell fate and neurogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo studies involving Botch downregulation and overexpression in the developing neocortex.
  • In vitro neurosphere and differentiation assays to assess neurogenesis.
  • Analysis of Notch protein processing and cell surface presentation.

Main Results:

  • Botch downregulation in vivo caused neural stem cells to remain in the ventricular and subventricular zones.
  • Botch overexpression drove neural stem cells into the intermediate zone and cortical plate.
  • In vitro assays demonstrated that Botch promotes neuronal differentiation.
  • Botch was found to inhibit the S1 cleavage of Notch, preventing its cell surface presentation and maintaining it in an immature form.

Conclusions:

  • Botch plays a critical role in regulating neural stem cell differentiation during neocortical development.
  • Botch influences neurogenesis by modulating Notch signaling pathway activity.
  • Understanding Botch function provides new insights into Notch signaling regulation and neuronal development.