Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

Cd14 SNPs regulate the innate immune response

Hong-Hsing Liu1, Yajing Hu, Ming Zheng

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Molecular Immunology
|March 27, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in CD14 influence innate immunity by altering soluble CD14 levels and type I interferon production. This impacts immune responses and gene expression in mice and humans.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD14 is a key regulator of innate immune responses to pathogens.
  • Monocytic differentiation antigen CD14 plays a crucial role in immune cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of CD14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on CD14 mRNA length and translation efficiency.
  • To determine the downstream effects of these variations on innate immune responses, including type I interferon production.
  • To explore the functional consequences of soluble CD14 (sCD14) in human immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of murine Cd14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • Measurement of Cd14 mRNA length and CD14 protein translation efficiency in murine macrophages.
  • Assessment of type I interferon production and expression of IFN-responsive genes.
  • Investigation of human CD14 mRNA length and translation efficiency.
  • Evaluation of sCD14 effects on human dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4+ T cell proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Murine Cd14 SNPs were found to regulate Cd14 mRNA length and CD14 protein translation efficiency.
  • Altered CD14 expression levels impacted basal soluble CD14 (sCD14) and type I interferon production in murine macrophages.
  • Expression of at least 40 IFN-responsive murine genes was affected by this mechanism.
  • Significant variation in human CD14 mRNA length and translation efficiency was observed.
  • sCD14 enhanced cytokine production by human DCs, and sCD14-primed DCs promoted human CD4+ T cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • CD14 SNPs influence innate immunity through modulation of mRNA length and translation efficiency, affecting sCD14 levels and type I IFN responses.
  • These findings highlight a mechanism linking CD14 genetic variations to altered immune cell function in both mice and humans.
  • The study suggests a potential role for CD14 SNPs and sCD14 levels in susceptibility to human infectious and allergic diseases.

More Related Videos

Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo11:44

Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: September 18, 2014

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice08:37

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: April 21, 2015

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...