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Related Concept Videos

The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Survival Tree01:19

Survival Tree

Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
 Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a survival tree begins...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

A classification tree approach for pituitary adenomas.

Alberto Righi1, Patrizia Agati, Andrea Sisto

  • 1Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Haematology and Oncology L e A. Seragnoli University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy.

Human Pathology
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting pituitary adenoma recurrence is challenging. This study reveals that specific prognostic factors, like the Ki-67 index, vary by tumor subtype, necessitating tailored evaluation for aggressive pituitary tumors.

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Published on: June 28, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Evaluating pituitary adenoma recurrence and progression risk at diagnosis is difficult.
  • Current indicators like Ki-67 and p53 indices have interobserver variability and controversial cutoffs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prognostic value of Ki-67 and p53 labeling indices.
  • To correlate these indices with clinical and radiologic parameters for predicting pituitary adenoma behavior.
  • To investigate subtype-specific prognostic factors in pituitary adenomas.

Main Methods:

  • Digital image analysis of 166 pituitary adenomas with ≥6 years follow-up.
  • Statistical analysis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and classification and regression tree (CART) analysis.
  • Evaluation of Ki-67 and p53 protein labeling indices.

Main Results:

  • The standard Ki-67 index threshold of 3% showed high specificity but low sensitivity in unstratified data.
  • ROC analysis for p53 labeling index yielded unsatisfactory results.
  • CART analysis identified subtype-specific prognostic factors, with Ki-67 index being useful for nonfunctioning, adrenocorticotropin, and prolactin adenomas at varying thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • Pituitary adenomas comprise diverse tumor types with distinct prognostic factors.
  • The Ki-67 labeling index is a valuable prognostic marker, but its optimal threshold differs among specific pituitary adenoma subtypes.
  • Tailored prognostic assessments are crucial for managing pituitary adenoma recurrence and progression risk.