Au:CdHgTe quantum dots for in vivo tumor-targeted multispectral fluorescence imaging

Near-infrared gold-doped CdHgTe quantum dots (QDs) with improved photoluminescence and biocompatibility were developed using an aqueous solution route with L-glutathione and L-cysteine as stabilizers. As-prepared Au:CdHgTe QDs were covalently linked to arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (MAb), and anti- carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) MAb separately. Three Au:CdHgTe QD bioconjugates (QD800-RGD, QD820-anti-CEACAM1, and QD840-anti-EGFR) were successfully used as probes for in vivo tumor-targeted multispectral fluorescence imaging of xenografts. Fluorescence signals from the QD bioconjugates used to detect three tumor markers were spectrally unmixed, and their co-localization was analyzed. The results indicate that multiple tumor markers could be simultaneously detected by multispectral fluorescence imaging in vivo using QD bioconjugates as probes. This approach has excellent potential as an imaging method for the noninvasive exploration and detection of multiple tumor markers in vivo, thereby substantially aiding the diagnosis of cancer.