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Pulse

Pulse

When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical indicator...

Sites for measuring blood pressure

Sites for measuring blood pressure

Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Arterial stiffness: basic concepts and measurement techniques.

Julio A Chirinos¹

¹Philadelphia VA Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Rm-8B111 University & Woodland Av, Philadelphia, PA, USA. julio.chirinos@uphs.upenn.edu

Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research

|March 27, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Arterial stiffness, a key factor in cardiovascular disease, predicts future cardiovascular events. Measuring it offers insights into disease processes and cumulative risk factor exposure.

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Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: October 19, 2016

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: October 19, 2016

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Biomedical Engineering
Physiology

Background:

Arterial stiffness is integral to cardiovascular disease development, particularly isolated systolic hypertension.
It influences left ventricular afterload and pressure distribution throughout the arterial system, affecting vital organs like the brain and kidneys.
Arterial stiffness reflects cumulative exposure to various risk factors and biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamental physical principles and definitions of arterial stiffness.
To outline the most significant non-invasive methods for quantifying arterial stiffness in living subjects.
To enhance understanding for clinicians and researchers in the cardiovascular field.

Main Methods:

Review of basic physical principles and definitions of arterial stiffness.
Discussion of non-invasive in vivo quantification techniques.
Synthesis of existing literature on arterial stiffness measurement.

Main Results:

Large artery stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, is a consistent independent predictor of cardiovascular events.
Measurements provide insights into current pathological processes and historical risk factor exposure.
Understanding arterial stiffness is crucial for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Conclusions:

Arterial stiffness is a critical determinant of cardiovascular risk.
Non-invasive measurement methods, particularly pulse wave velocity, are valuable tools for risk stratification.
A solid understanding of arterial stiffness principles is essential for cardiovascular professionals.