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Related Concept Videos

Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

Gross Anatomy of Bone

The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in adults, it...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts
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Published on: December 22, 2015

A simple method to detect human intraosseous vascular structures: using the calcaneus as an example.

Maowei Yang1, Lei Yang

  • 1Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjingbei Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. ymw69@sohu.com

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Simple CT scanning with barium sulfate perfusion effectively visualizes human intraosseous vessels. This method preserves bone tissue, aiding in understanding vessel-bone relationships and identifying unique vascular structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intraosseous vessels are crucial for bone regeneration.
  • Human intraosseous vessel anatomy is poorly understood due to imaging limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of CT scanning with barium sulfate perfusion for visualizing intraosseous vessels in humans.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of CT scanning with barium sulfate perfusion against traditional vascular corrosion casting.
  • Utilized two human feet from a double amputation patient.

Main Results:

  • CT and traditional methods showed similar calcaneal intraosseous vessel distribution.
  • CT method preserved surrounding bone tissue, enabling better analysis of vessel-bone relationships.
  • CT method visualized unique vascular structures, including sinusoid clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Simple CT scanning with barium sulfate perfusion is a viable method for detecting intraosseous vessel morphology and distribution.
  • This technique offers advantages in preserving bone structure for anatomical study.