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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
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Published on: December 16, 2010

Changing beliefs and behavior through experience-taking.

Geoff F Kaufman1, Lisa K Libby

  • 1Tiltfactor Laboratory, Department of Film & Media Studies, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. geoff.kaufman@dartmouth.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|March 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Experience-taking, the imaginative merging with a character, is influenced by self-concept accessibility and narrative perspective. Early revelation of outgroup identity hinders this process, impacting self-judgments and attitudes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
13:40

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking

Published on: December 16, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Media Psychology

Background:

  • Experience-taking is the imaginative process of assuming a character's identity, thoughts, and emotions.
  • Understanding factors influencing experience-taking is crucial for media effects and social cognition research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and define experience-taking.
  • To investigate psychological states and narrative features that trigger experience-taking.
  • To examine how experience-taking alters self-judgments, attitudes, and behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Six studies were conducted, manipulating self-concept accessibility, narrative perspective (1st vs. 3rd person), ingroup/outgroup character status, and timing of outgroup identity revelation.
  • Participants' levels of experience-taking, self-concept incorporation, behavior, stereotype application, and attitudes were measured.

Main Results:

  • Reduced self-concept accessibility enhanced experience-taking and trait incorporation; heightened accessibility decreased it.
  • First-person narratives with ingroup characters maximized experience-taking and behavioral change.
  • Delayed revelation of outgroup identity (homosexual, African American) increased experience-taking, reduced stereotype application, and fostered favorable intergroup attitudes.

Conclusions:

  • Self-concept accessibility and narrative elements significantly modulate experience-taking.
  • Experience-taking can lead to changes in self-perception, attitudes, and behavior, aligning them with the character's.
  • Strategic narrative construction, particularly regarding identity revelation, can mitigate bias and promote positive intergroup relations.