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ADHD: an integration with pediatric traumatic brain injury
1American School of Professional Psychology, Argosy University, Schaumburg Campus, 999 Plaza Drive, Suite 111, Schaumburg, IL 60173, USA. reme@argosy.edu
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|March 28, 2012
Summary
Pediatric traumatic brain injury (PTBI) frequently leads to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current understanding suggests ADHD after PTBI is more common than previously thought, impacting assessment and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pediatric Neurology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a recognized outcome of pediatric traumatic brain injury (PTBI).
- The traditional view of ADHD is evolving towards a dimensional and neuropsychologically heterogeneous model.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-evaluate the prevalence and diagnostic criteria of ADHD following PTBI.
- To integrate the current conceptualization of ADHD with symptoms commonly observed after PTBI.
Main Methods:
- Literature review examining the relationship between PTBI and ADHD.
- Analysis of neuropsychological sequelae of PTBI in the context of ADHD symptomatology.
Main Results:
- Symptoms like slow processing speed, emotional dysregulation, and disinhibition after PTBI align with ADHD criteria.
- The prevalence of ADHD post-PTBI may exceed the commonly cited 30% rate.
Conclusions:
- The dimensional view of ADHD supports classifying PTBI-related symptoms as indicative of ADHD.
- Enhanced assessment and tailored treatment strategies are crucial for ADHD following PTBI.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction
DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.