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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Isolation of Lamina Propria Mononuclear Cells from Murine Colon Using Collagenase E
09:48

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Published on: September 26, 2019

[Aplastic anemia complicated with ulcerative colitis].

Tsuneyuki Shimada1, Tomoya Maeda, Maho Ishikawa

  • 1Department of Hematology, Saitama Medical University Hospital.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|March 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Aplastic anemia and ulcerative colitis in a patient with PNH phenotype improved after allogeneic bone marrow transplant, suggesting shared immunological pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Aplastic anemia is a rare bone marrow failure disorder.
  • Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
  • The co-occurrence of these conditions is uncommon, suggesting potential shared underlying mechanisms.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with pancytopenia, diagnosed as aplastic anemia stage 2 with a paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) phenotype and HLA DR15.
  • Her condition progressed to stage 3, requiring transfusions, and she subsequently developed severe ulcerative colitis.
  • Treatment with cyclosporine, mesalazine, and steroids provided temporary improvement, but transfusion dependency persisted.

Findings:

  • Despite treatment with equine anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine, hematological improvement was not achieved.
  • The patient transformed to refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD) with 7-monosomy.
  • An allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) from a HLA-identical sibling resulted in complete remission of both aplastic anemia and ulcerative colitis.

Implications:

  • Allogeneic BMT can effectively treat both aplastic anemia and ulcerative colitis, even in advanced stages.
  • The shared immunological abnormalities, indicated by PNH phenotype and HLA DR15, may link the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia and ulcerative colitis.
  • Further research into the immunological interplay between these conditions is warranted.